Turnover of OTC foreign exchange instruments
Daily averages in April 1998, in millions of US dollars
«  1998  »
Total Spot transactions Outright forwards Foreign exchange swaps Currency swaps FX options
Total, "net-net" basis1,526,561567,811127,667733,8069,90287,093
By currency
US dollar1,325,072445,516103,925698,9138,62868,141
Euro..................
Yen331,636133,87632,910122,5972,86539,387
Pound (sterling)168,18166,70015,86575,0679379,612
Renminbi211211............
Australian dollar46,30214,5733,90225,5583811,888
Canadian dollar53,82313,5863,54834,5453081,835
Swiss franc107,74641,2817,98151,6863526,446
Other currencies1,020,151419,87787,204459,2476,33246,878
By counterparty
With reporting dealers961,295347,46148,954511,4045,46148,014
Local388,151153,34721,999192,8761,90918,019
Cross-border573,144194,11726,954318,5263,55229,995
With other financial institutions298,986120,68634,368124,0772,26117,598
Local137,67258,19823,03748,8629756,600
Cross-border161,31962,49011,33175,2141,28610,998
Non-reporting banks..................
Institutional investors..................
Hedge funds and PTFs..................
Official sector..................
Other..................
Undistributed..................
With non-financial customers265,64799,46044,33298,2892,18021,387
Local171,95363,69432,79162,2981,12912,041
Cross-border93,35335,59911,54135,8191,0519,343
Of which: prime brokered..................
Of which: retail-driven..................
Of which: related party trades..................
Of which: back-to-back trades..................
Of which: compression trades..................
By country
United Kingdom685,157216,90147,966372,4425,15242,697
United States383,358147,98337,181165,6991,35831,137
Singapore144,93659,8724,40874,7061,3404,610
Hong Kong SAR79,88930,9853,72043,850351983
Japan146,26857,28717,43961,1141,1399,289
Switzerland91,61934,4645,46541,7902509,650
France77,16719,2333,16249,5028064,465
Germany99,60041,9688,39643,9176024,717
Canada37,93810,7861,43124,580277866
Other countries353,489142,45025,454174,7332,1798,673