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Table
D11.2
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D11.1 «
» D11.3
Structure
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Turnover of OTC foreign exchange instruments, by country
"Net-gross" basis, April 1986-2022 daily averages, in billions of US dollars
1986
1989
1992
1995
1998
2001
2004
2007
2010
2013
2016
2019
2022
Argentina
...
...
...
...
2
...
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
Australia
...
30
30
41
48
54
107
176
192
182
121
119
150
Austria
...
...
4
13
12
8
15
19
20
15
19
16
17
Bahrain
...
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
9
6
2
2
Belgium
...
10
16
29
27
10
21
50
33
22
23
36
32
Brazil
...
...
...
...
5
6
4
6
14
17
20
19
21
Bulgaria
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
1
2
2
2
2
Canada
10
15
22
31
38
44
59
64
62
65
86
109
172
Chile
...
...
...
...
1
2
2
4
6
12
7
8
9
China
...
...
...
...
0
...
1
9
20
44
73
136
153
Chinese Taipei
...
...
...
...
5
5
9
16
18
26
27
30
33
Colombia
...
...
...
...
...
0
1
2
3
3
4
4
5
Czechia
...
...
...
...
5
2
2
5
5
5
4
7
6
Denmark
...
13
28
32
28
24
42
88
120
117
101
63
83
Estonia
...
...
...
...
...
...
0
1
1
0
...
...
...
Finland
...
3
7
5
4
2
2
8
31
15
14
7
8
France
...
26
35
62
77
50
67
127
152
190
181
167
214
Germany
...
...
57
79
100
91
120
101
109
111
116
124
184
Greece
...
0
1
3
7
5
4
5
5
3
1
1
1
Hong Kong SAR
...
49
61
91
80
68
106
181
238
275
437
632
694
Hungary
...
...
...
...
1
1
3
7
4
4
3
4
6
India
...
...
...
...
2
3
7
38
27
31
34
40
53
Indonesia
...
...
...
...
2
4
2
3
3
5
5
7
5
Ireland
...
5
6
5
11
9
7
11
15
11
2
7
...
Israel
...
...
...
...
...
1
5
8
10
8
8
7
8
Italy
...
10
16
24
29
18
23
38
29
24
18
19
19
Japan
48
115
126
168
146
153
207
250
312
374
399
376
433
Korea
...
...
...
...
4
10
21
35
44
48
48
55
68
Latvia
...
...
...
...
...
...
2
3
2
2
1
0
0
Lithuania
...
...
...
...
...
...
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
Luxembourg
...
...
13
19
23
13
15
44
33
51
37
58
92
Malaysia
...
...
...
...
1
1
2
3
7
11
8
12
16
Mexico
...
...
...
...
9
9
15
15
17
32
20
20
19
Netherlands
...
13
20
27
43
31
52
25
18
112
85
64
74
New Zealand
...
...
4
7
7
4
7
13
9
12
10
9
11
Norway
...
4
5
8
9
13
14
32
22
21
40
30
24
Peru
...
...
...
...
...
0
0
1
1
2
1
2
2
Philippines
...
...
...
...
1
1
1
2
5
4
3
4
3
Poland
...
...
...
...
3
5
7
9
8
8
9
9
13
Portugal
...
1
1
2
4
2
2
4
4
4
2
2
1
Romania
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
3
3
3
3
2
3
Russia
...
...
...
...
7
10
30
50
42
61
45
47
...
Saudi Arabia
...
...
...
...
2
2
2
4
8
7
8
6
6
Singapore
...
55
76
107
145
104
134
242
266
383
517
640
929
Slovakia
...
...
...
...
...
1
2
3
0
1
2
1
0
Slovenia
...
...
...
...
...
0
0
0
...
...
...
...
...
South Africa
...
...
3
5
9
10
10
14
14
21
21
20
16
Spain
...
4
12
18
20
8
14
17
29
43
33
28
39
Sweden
...
13
21
20
16
25
32
44
45
44
42
37
42
Switzerland
...
57
68
88
92
76
85
254
249
216
156
264
350
Thailand
...
...
...
...
3
2
3
6
7
13
11
14
15
Türkiye
...
...
...
...
...
1
3
4
17
27
22
19
18
United Arab Emirates
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
46
66
United Kingdom
90
187
297
479
685
542
835
1,483
1,854
2,726
2,406
3,576
3,755
United States
59
129
182
266
383
273
499
745
904
1,263
1,272
1,370
1,912
Total
206
744
1,115
1,633
2,099
1,705
2,608
4,281
5,045
6,686
6,514
8,280
9,843